Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Personalized physical therapy for SI joint pain, pelvic discomfort, and movement limitations.

Understanding the SI Joints

The sacroiliac (SI) joints connect the sacrum at the base of the spine to the pelvis. Although these joints move only about two to four millimeters during weight bearing and forward bending, they play an important role in shock absorption for the spine and in transferring weight as you walk.

SI joints have a complex structure, with both hyaline and fibrocartilage surfaces, ridges, and depressions that fit together. They are designed for stability rather than large movement. They can become stiff or “locked” over time, or become overly mobile when the ligaments that support them are strained. Either pattern can contribute to pain and difficulty with everyday movement.

SI joint pain can be overlooked because it often resembles other forms of low back, buttock, pelvic, or leg pain. A thorough evaluation helps identify the movement, alignment, strength, and posture factors contributing to your symptoms.

Common Causes

SI joint dysfunction may develop from wear and tear, injury, or changes in the way the pelvis is supported.

  • A direct fall on the buttocks, a motor vehicle accident, or a blow to the side of the pelvis
  • Strain or tearing of the ligaments around the SI joint, allowing excessive joint motion
  • Degenerative arthritis or direct injury to the cartilage lining the joint
  • A sacrum abnormality or transitional syndrome that changes the structure of the joint
  • Pregnancy and childbirth-related changes that relax connective tissues and can make the SI joints more mobile

Symptoms to Watch For

Symptoms can be difficult to distinguish from other types of low back pain. Many people experience a confusing pattern of back and pelvic pain.

  • Low back pain
  • Buttock pain
  • Thigh pain
  • Difficulty sitting in one position for too long because of pain
  • Pain when changing positions
  • Pain with weight bearing on one leg
  • Pain or difficulty lifting one leg while getting dressed

How Physical Therapy Can Help

A well-rounded rehabilitation program can help calm pain and inflammation, improve mobility and strength, and make daily activities easier. Your care is guided by whether the SI joint is primarily stiff or loose.

When a joint is stiff or locked, mobilization and specific exercises may be used to improve SI joint movement. When the joint is too loose, such as with arthritis or SI ligament injury, stabilization treatment may be chosen to support correct alignment. Stabilization exercises focus on posture and muscle training.

Therapy sessions may be scheduled two to three times each week for up to six weeks, depending on your needs and plan of care.

Manage Symptoms

Learn practical ways to control symptoms and manage your condition with greater confidence.

Improve Movement Habits

Learn correct posture and body movements that can reduce strain on the SI joints.

Restore Alignment

Work toward optimal SI joint movement, alignment, strength, and stability for daily life.

Sacroiliac Belt Support

For a loose and painful SI joint, a sacroiliac belt may be issued to help stabilize the area. The belt wraps around the hips to gently squeeze and hold the SI joints together, supporting the pelvis and helping limit painful excessive motion.

Your physical therapist can determine whether this type of support may fit into your individualized treatment plan.

Get Help for SI Joint Pain

Cutting Edge Physical Therapy provides individualized evaluation and hands-on care in private treatment rooms. Take the first step toward moving with greater comfort and confidence.